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    Open Access
    Security dynamics in CHT
    (New Age, 2024-09-29) New Age
    ETHNIC conflicts have become a global problem with serious regional implications. Scholarly concern with ethnic groups and conflict has become increasingly salient since the second half of the twentieth century. An estimate shows that one-third of all countries experienced civil conflict and ethnic unrest. The term ‘ethnicity’ or ‘ethnic’ finds origin in the Greek term ethnos, meaning nation, and its modern-day meaning translates to a group of people who share a common culture and sense of heritage. There has been a proliferation of ethnic nationalism in many parts of the world. Language, culture, memory, history and tradition are the vital sources of ethnic nationalism. These variables can drive the members of an ethnic community to shape their own collective identity and destiny. Managing the violence of ethnic groups remains a central problem of state-building, security and development. Bangladesh, to the east of India on the Bay of Bengal, is a densely populated South Asian country. It has more than 4,000 kilometres of border with India and 271 kilometres of border with Myanmar. It is a gateway to the eleven Southeast Asian countries, such as Brunei, Myanmar, Cambodia, Timor-Leste, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. The Chittagong Hill Tracts, bordered by India and Myanmar, is situated in the south-eastern corner of Bangladesh. The hill tracts, composed of southeastern hilly districts of Bandarban, Rangamati and Khagrachari, is plagued by ethnic conflicts and violent secessionist movements. The hill tracts have had a long history of conflict and bloodshed. Numerous ethnonationalist groups are active in the three hill districts.
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    Open Access
    āĻœāĻžāĻ¤ā§€ā§Ÿ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ¸āĻĻ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ¨ : āĻāĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ¨ āĻ°āĻžāĻœāĻ¨ā§€āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ• āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨ āĻ°ā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻŦā§‡
    (āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻ†āĻ˛ā§‹, 2024-01-23) āĻĄ: āĻāĻŽ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ–āĻžāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ¤ āĻšā§‹āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ¨, āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¸āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻš āĻĢā§‡āĻ˛ā§‹, āĻāĻ¸ āĻ†āĻ‡ āĻĒāĻŋ āĻœāĻŋ, āĻāĻ¨ āĻāĻ¸ āĻ‡āĻ‰ (āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻ†āĻ˛ā§‹)
    āĻŦā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ—ā§‡āĻĄāĻŋā§ŸāĻžāĻ° āĻœā§‡āĻ¨āĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ˛ āĻĄ: āĻāĻŽ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ–āĻžāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ¤ āĻšā§‹āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ¨, āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¸āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻš āĻĢā§‡āĻ˛ā§‹, āĻāĻ¸ āĻ†āĻ‡ āĻĒāĻŋ āĻœāĻŋ, āĻ¨āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ‰āĻĨ āĻ‡āĻ‰āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¸āĻŋāĻŸāĻŋāĨ¤ āĻĄ: āĻ¸āĻžāĻ–āĻžāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ¤ āĻšā§‹āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻ• āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦāĻžāĻ˛āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻļā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻ• āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāĻ¨āĻžāĻ°āĨ¤ āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻŸāĻŋ āĻœāĻžāĻ¤ā§€ā§Ÿ āĻĻā§ˆāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ• āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻ†āĻ˛ā§‹ āĻĒāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ•āĻžā§Ÿ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻļāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•āĻ˛āĻžāĻŽ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ° āĻļāĻŋāĻ°ā§‹āĻ¨āĻžāĻŽ āĻšāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡ 'āĻœāĻžāĻ¤ā§€ā§Ÿ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ¸āĻĻ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ¨ : āĻāĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ¨ āĻ°āĻžāĻœāĻ¨ā§€āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ• āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨ āĻ°ā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻŦā§‡' āĨ¤
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    Open Access
    āĻœāĻžāĻ¤ā§€ā§Ÿ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ¸āĻĻ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ¨ - āĻāĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ¨ āĻ°āĻžāĻœāĻ¨ā§€āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ• āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨ āĻ°ā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻŦā§‡
    (āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻ†āĻ˛ā§‹, 2024-01-17) āĻĄ: āĻāĻŽ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ–āĻžāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ¤ āĻšā§‹āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ¨, āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¸āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻš āĻĢā§‡āĻ˛ā§‹, āĻāĻ¸ āĻ†āĻ‡ āĻĒāĻŋ āĻœāĻŋ, āĻāĻ¨ āĻāĻ¸ āĻ‡āĻ‰ (āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻ†āĻ˛ā§‹)
    ā§­ āĻœāĻžāĻ¨ā§ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°ā§€ ā§¨ā§Ļā§¨ā§Ē āĻ¸āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻˇā§āĻ āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻŦāĻžāĻ‚āĻ˛āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻļā§‡āĻ° āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāĻĻāĻļ āĻœāĻžāĻ¤ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ¸āĻĻ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¨āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ‰āĻĨ āĻ‡āĻ‰āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¸āĻŋāĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻāĻ¸āĻ†āĻ‡āĻĒāĻŋāĻœāĻŋāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋā§ŸāĻ° āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¸āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻš āĻĢā§‡āĻ˛ā§‹ āĻ“ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ¨ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻ˛ā§‡āĻˇāĻ• āĻĄ: āĻāĻŽ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ–āĻžāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ¤ āĻšā§‹āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻ†āĻ˛ā§‹ āĻĒāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ•āĻžā§Ÿ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻļāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§‡āĻˇ āĻ•āĻ˛āĻžāĻŽāĨ¤
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    Open Access
    āĻ‰āĻ¨ā§āĻ¨āĻ¤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ‰āĻ¨ā§āĻ¨āĻ¤āĻļā§€āĻ˛āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻ¤āĻŋāĻĒā§‚āĻ°āĻŖ āĻ†āĻĻāĻžā§Ÿ āĻ•āĻ¤ āĻĻā§‚āĻ°?
    (āĻŦāĻŖāĻŋāĻ• āĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻž, 2023-12-04) āĻĄāĻƒ āĻŽā§‹. āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ°āĻžāĻœā§āĻ˛ āĻ‡āĻ¸āĻ˛āĻžāĻŽ
    āĻ‰āĻ¨ā§āĻ¨āĻ¤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ‰āĻ¨ā§āĻ¨āĻ¤āĻļā§€āĻ˛āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻ¤āĻŋāĻĒā§‚āĻ°āĻŖ āĻ†āĻĻāĻžā§Ÿ āĻ•āĻ¤ āĻĻā§‚āĻ°?
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    Open Access
    āĻœāĻžāĻ¤ā§€ā§Ÿ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ¨- āĻ¯ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻ°āĻžāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¤ā§ŽāĻĒāĻ°āĻ¤āĻž āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ¨āĻ•ā§‡āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ•, āĻ¨āĻžāĻ•āĻŋ āĻ­ā§‚āĻ°āĻžāĻœāĻ¨ā§ˆāĻ¤āĻŋāĻ•
    (āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻ†āĻ˛ā§‹, 2023-12-26) āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻ†āĻ˛ā§‹
    āĻŦāĻžāĻ‚āĻ˛āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻļā§‡āĻ° āĻ†āĻ—āĻžāĻŽā§€ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ¨ āĻ“ āĻ¸āĻŦ āĻĻāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻ—āĻŖāĻ¤āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ• āĻ…āĻ§āĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ°ā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻĒāĻļā§āĻšāĻŋāĻŽāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦ, āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§‡āĻˇ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¯ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻ°āĻžāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āĻ°, āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļāĻ—ā§āĻ°āĻšāĻŖ āĻ“ āĻ—ā§āĻ°āĻšāĻŖāĻ¯ā§‹āĻ—ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ¨ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻˇā§āĻ āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻšāĻžāĻĒ āĻĻāĻŋā§Ÿā§‡ āĻ†āĻ¸āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛āĨ¤ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§Ÿā§‡āĻ• āĻŽāĻžāĻ¸ āĻ†āĻ—ā§‡ āĻ—āĻ¤ āĻŽā§‡ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¸āĻž āĻ¨ā§€āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ° āĻ¨āĻ¤ā§āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻˇā§‡āĻ§āĻžāĻœā§āĻžāĻž āĻœāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¯ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻ°āĻžāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻ°āĻžāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āĻ° āĻĻāĻĒā§āĻ¤āĻ°āĨ¤ āĻŦāĻžāĻ‚āĻ˛āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻļā§‡āĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ¨āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ˜āĻŋāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻ°ā§‡āĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ—ā§āĻ°āĻšāĻŖāĻ¯ā§‹āĻ—ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ¨ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ¨āĻ—ā§āĻ˛ā§‹āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ—ā§āĻ°āĻšāĻŖāĻ¯ā§‹āĻ—ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§‡āĻ›āĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§ƒāĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻ¤āĻž āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‡āĻ›ā§‡, āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ“āĻĒāĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻˇā§‡āĻ§āĻžāĻœā§āĻžāĻž āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻ•āĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻž āĻšā§Ÿā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤